The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War (called the Vietnam War), was fought from 1964 (events in the Gulf of Tonkin) or from 1965 (the landing of the first, larger American forces in Vietnam) until 1975, i.e. until the occupation of South Vietnam through North Vietnam. The opponents in this war were, on the one hand, the United States, supporting its ally, i.e. South Vietnam and North Vietnam, along with the communist Vietcong guerrillas, supported (in one way or another) by the PRC and the USSR. Assume that at one time, at the maximum, North Vietnam involved about 690,000 soldiers in the conflict, Vietcong - about 200,000 people, while the United States reached the peak of its involvement in 1969, when Vietnam had about 540,000 American soldiers. The immediate cause of the conflict was the claims and ambitions of North Vietnam to take power and control over its southern neighbor, which the United States could not and did not want to agree to. The Vietnam War was an excellent example of a guerrilla war, in which the highly advanced technological armed forces of the USA suffered considerable losses and finally lost in the clash with the armed forces incomparably worse. It is worth adding that from a purely military point of view, the US troops were able to inflict huge losses on their opponent (e.g. the Tet offensive of 1968), but on the so-called The "home front" completely lost it. It is often assumed that the Vietnam War was lost by the US primarily because of tensions in American society, its reluctance to do so, and the inability of the US establishment to provide a convincing justification for it. The Vietnam War finally ended in 1975 with a complete defeat of the United States, which was forced to withdraw from Vietnam and come to terms with the unification of Vietnam by the communist government in Hanoi. The prestige of this country in the international arena has also decreased significantly for some time.
Helikopteris AH-1 Cobra (Bell 209) ir uzbrukuma helikopters klasiskajā izkārtojumā, izmantojot daudzas tā "lielā brāļa" UH-1 Huey sastāvdaļas. Pirmais AH-1 prototipa lidojums notika 1965. gada 7. septembrī, un tajā pašā gadā helikopters nonāca masveida ražošanā. Vjetnamas kara laikā tika saražotas 1126 G modeļa mašīnas, no kurām kaujas laikā tika zaudētas 279. Pateicoties ļoti augstajai konstrukcijas uzticamībai, mazajam sānu profilam un labajai veiktspējai, helikopters joprojām ir ekspluatācijā ASV. Jūras korpuss. AH-1 ļāva ASV armijai pilnībā īstenot teorētisko pieņēmumu par gaisa mobilajiem kājniekiem ("gaisa kavalērija"), izmantojot desanta kājnieku vienību uguns atbalstu. Mūsdienās AH-1 Cobra galvenokārt tiek izmantots pret bruņucelonu. No 1965. gada tika izveidotas vairākas šī veiksmīgā helikoptera versijas, tostarp: AH-1G (pamata versija), AH-1J (divu dzinēju versija), AH-1Q (versija, kas bruņota ar TOW raķetēm). Tehniskie dati: Maksimālais ātrums: 333 km/h; maksimālais darbības rādiuss (atkarībā no versijas): 507-574km, bruņojums: fiksēts-1 20mm M197 trīsstobru lielgabals, sviras raķetes, vadāmās raķetes, nevadāmās raķetes un lielgabalu kārbas.Rockwell International OV-10 Bronco kļuva par ASV gaisa spēku, jūras spēku un jūras kājnieku korpusa vieglo bruņoto izlūkošanas (LARA) sacensību uzvarētāju. Pirmās lidmašīnas tika piegādātas 1969. gadā, un OV-10 jau bija piedalījusies Vjetnamas karā. Lidmašīna bija ļoti daudzpusīga. Tas varēja darboties no īsiem skrejceļiem, jo ieskrējiena garums bija aptuveni 225 metri. Turklāt, ja nepieciešams, bija iespējams uzstādīt slides un pat pludiņus! Plašs bija arī pārnēsājamo ieroču klāsts, lai gan visbiežāk tomēr tika uzstādīts aprīkojums gaisa izlūkošanai. D versija izcēlās galvenokārt ar modernizētu avioniku, lāzera mērķa marķēšanas sistēmu un 20 mm lielgabalu, kas tika uzstādīts degunā. Šīs lidmašīnas vēl tika izmantotas 1991. gada Persijas līča kara laikā, lai gan galvenokārt nakts misijās un kā pēdējā versija, kas tika izmantota ASV gaisa spēkos, tās beidzot tika atsauktas 1995. gadā, lai gan jāpiemin, ka tās joprojām ir ekspluatācijā, tostarp citi Taizeme, Venecuēla vai Indonēzija. Lai gan OV-10 Bronco bija neparastas formas un neparastas mūsdienu kaujas lidmašīnai, un kopumā diezgan vidēja veiktspēja, vienkāršais dizains un zemā cena padarīja to par pievilcīgu lidmašīnu daudziem lietotājiem. Tehniskie dati (OV-10A versija): garums: 12,67 m, spārnu platums: 12,19 m, augstums: 4,62 m, maksimālais ātrums: 452 km/h, maksimālais darbības rādiuss: 920 km, praktiskie griesti: 7315 m, bruņojums: fiksēts - 4 7,62 m M60C ložmetēji, piekaramie - līdz 1600 kg slodzei.
The Vietnam War (1964 / 1965-1975) is a conflict fought between the government of South Vietnam, supported very intensively (economically, politically, militarily) by the United States, and North Vietnam, supported by the USSR and the PRC. On the American side, aviation played a huge role in this conflict - both helicopters and jets. The latter entered action as early as 1964, when it began bombing Laos, and a year later (1965) as part of Operation Rolling Thunder - it also began bombing North Vietnam. Initially, machines such as the F-105 D Thuderchief or the F-4 Phantom II participated in this operation. However, the B-52 strategic bombers were quickly put into action. The operation lasted until 1968. Aviation also played a huge role in 1972, when it launched the strategic bombing of Hanoi and Haifong, which was instrumental in accelerating the peace talks. During the Vietnam War, the American air force - both operating within the USAF and the US Navy - used many types of aircraft, including: A-7 Corsair II, A-6 Intruder, F-101 Voodoo or the aforementioned F-4 Phantom. It is worth adding that in the course of that war, the American armed forces had several fighter aces, including Captains Steven Ritchie, Jeffrey Feinstien and Colonel Charles DeBellevue.
The Vietnam War (1964 / 1965-1975) is a conflict fought between the government of South Vietnam, supported very intensively (economically, politically, militarily) by the United States, and North Vietnam, supported by the USSR and the PRC. On the American side, in the course of this conflict, aviation played a gigantic role, and great changes in the approach of the American armed forces to helicopter warfare. Even during the war in Korea (1950-1953), helicopters were treated primarily as a very mobile means of transport, and their role in supporting the battlefield was relatively small. This point of view changed considerably during the course of the Vietnam War. On the one hand, helicopter transport capabilities were developed (e.g. by introducing UH-1 Huey helicopters into service a few before the Vietnam War), which was very important in the unfavorable terrain of Vietnam (jungle, numerous hills), and on the other - strictly attack machines, such as AH-1 Cobra. It is worth adding that the USA engaged about 12,000 helicopters in this conflict, of which about 5,600 were irretrievably lost. It is also worth adding that during the Vietnam War, for the first time in history, an airmobile division using helicopters was used on such a scale - of course, we are talking about the 1st Cavalry Division[ang. 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile)] .
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